Small music venues represent a diverse sector whose
constituents play a vital role in the ecology of both the music
industry and broader cultural sector; with positive impact on
businesses, communities and economies – both local and
national. Small venues are usually dependent on the market for
their survival but are often subsistence rather than profit driven,
and fulfil a vital role in fostering underground and emerging
popular culture but are not typically supported by public funding
for the arts. It is in these venues that professional musicians
typically begin their careers, developing their skills and craft
before scaling up to larger venues. Furthermore, as is too often
overlooked, they are also where vast numbers of amateur (in the
positive sense of the word) musicians first engage in music-ma-
king, and often continue to do so throughout their lives. Beyond
the musicians who play there, these small vees also play host to
communities of fans, employees, volunteers, promoters and other
enthusiasts. It is important therefore to recognize these spaces
both in terms of their contribution to the economy of live music,
but also to Europe’s social and cultural life.